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Ceilings in Indian Architecture

“Architecture should speak of its time and place, but yearn for timelessness.”

Frank Gehry

Ceilings in Indian Architecture

Haven’t most of us walked into a monument, a heritage building, a period landmark, and admired its grand interiors? I feel the cherry topping of these interiors are its ceilings! Let me take you through some stunning ceilings I have shot in my short stint as a blogger.

A simple barrel vault stone ceiling at the Franciscan Church of Saint Antonio - ImageWrighter
A simple barrel vault stone ceiling at the Franciscan Church of Saint Antonio

A simple definition of a ceiling (don’t wonder – there is one) is, ‘the overhead surface covering a room or the underside of a floor’. They are the canvas for renowned paintings or architectural structures. The entire Renaissance period is famous for the artistic expressions of the ceilings. Almost every artist worth his salt has used the ceiling to showcase his mastery.

Coloured papier-mache on the false ceiling of the Toshakhana in the Mubarak Mandi Complex - ImageWrighter
Coloured papier-mache on the false ceiling of the Toshakhana at the Mubarak Mandi Complex

Paintings and murals make the most interesting ceilings. From the Gothic period onwards, the structural elements became decorative. Roman and Islamic architecture extended this practice to embellish the ceilings grandly that we see even today.

Types of Ceilings

Ceiling designs are of three types: Coffered, Vaulted, and a Photo Frame. The coffered ceiling has many layers of beams with rich carvings decorated with floral designs. It could be circular, square, octagonal or L-shaped.

King’s living quarters within the Basavakalyan Fort - ImageWrighter
King’s living quarters within the Basavakalyan Fort

Vaulted ceilings have arched intersections with painted bands and imagery filling up the interiors. French architecture incorporates such ceilings. The vaulted ceilings also appear in the Indo-Saracenic architecture. Rich decorations in plaster mouldings make the design, so do false ceilings.  

Stucco work ceiling inside Darbar hall within the Chowmahalla Palace - ImageWrighter
Stucco work ceiling inside Darbar hall within the Chowmahalla Palace

The photo-frame ceiling is a large picture bordered with some architectural features.

Ceilings in Islamic Architecture

The interiors of domes, the mainstay of Islamic architecture, make for spectacular ceilings. This circular dome sits on a square base transitioning through a wedge (squinch) or a spherical triangle (pendentive).

The petal and chevron decoration on the ceiling of the Humayun Tomb - ImageWrighter
The petal and chevron decoration on the ceiling of the Humayun Tomb

Another sculptural composition is the vault adorned by a patterned aesthetic, Muqarna. Surrounded by tiles, this unique ornamentation appears like a honeycomb or a bunch of stalactites.

A Muqarna embellishment at the entrance of Safdarjung’s Tomb - ImageWrighter
A Muqarna embellishment at the entrance of Safdarjung’s Tomb

Without further ado, here is a showcase of some simple, elaborate and hard-to-find ceilings I got to capture.

Spread the love , comment and share if you have also spent time craning your neck to catch these stunning visuals.

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